LED lighting found to interfere with VHF-FM radio and AIS reception
There is potential for LED (light-emitting diode) lighting on vessels to compromise reception on VHF frequencies.
Keep in mind the problems are more than likely not with the LEDs but the power supplies that run the lights. Some LED lights have power supplies externally or built in to the bulbs. While this is off the target similar problems can also be encountered with USB 3 equipment running on a laptop, navigation equipment including GPS reception can be affected and can be tested in a similar manner.
The United States Coast Guard has sounded the alarm over the potential for LED lighting on vessels to compromise reception on VHF frequencies used for radiotelephone, Digital Selective Calling (DSC) and Automatic Identification System (AIS).
The distance at which the LED lighting starts to have an impact and whether the issue is limited to certain makes of lighting or navigation equipment. The United States Coast Guard has asked the United States marine industry to provide more detail of known incidents.
Due to their energy-saving capability and longer service life, LED lights are commonly used for navigation lighting, searchlights and floodlights, as well as interior and exterior lighting—including those used for visual effect.
The United States Coast Guard said that in one case, radio-frequency interference caused by LED lighting created a hazard that led to a serious safety incident.
‘The maritime rescue coordination centre in a United States port was unable to contact a ship by VHF radio that was involved in a traffic separation scheme incident. That ship also experienced very poor AIS reception. Other ships have also experienced degradation of their VHF receivers (including AIS), caused by their LED navigation lights. LED lighting installed near VHF antennas has also been found to reduce reception.’
Strong radio interference from LED sources may not be immediately apparent to marine radio users, but there is a way to test for LED interference (see below).
If you have experienced LED-lighting interference on your vessel please report it to your local marine authority, in Australia its AMSA.
How to test for LED interference.
Turn off your LED light.
Tune your VHF radio to a quiet channel, such as Channel 73.
Adjust your VHF radio’s squelch control until the radio outputs audio noise.
Re-adjust the squelch control until the audio noise is quiet—just slightly above the noise threshold.
Turn your LED light back on.
If the radio starts crackling when you turn on the LED lights, it is likely that the LED lights are affecting both your shipboard VHF marine radio and AIS reception.
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